In February 2025, N. Biren Singh, the Chief Minister of Manipur, resigned from his position amid ongoing ethnic violence in the state. This decision came after nearly two years of unrest between the Meitei and Kuki communities, which has resulted in over 250 deaths and displaced more than 60,000 people.
Background of the Conflict
The violence began in May 2023 during a march organized by tribal communities, primarily the Kuki-Zo groups, protesting against the Meitei community’s demand for Scheduled Tribe status. The Kukis feared that granting this status to the Meiteis would lead to economic disadvantages for their community.
The situation escalated with incidents such as the tragic death of a 31-year-old Kuki woman in Jiribam district in November 2024, further intensifying tensions between the communities.
Reasons Behind the Resignation
Chief Minister N. Biren Singh, a member of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP), faced increasing pressure due to his handling of the crisis. Accusations of bias towards the Meitei community and governance failures led to a loss of support from key allies. The National People’s Party (NPP), an important coalition partner, withdrew its support, citing inadequate crisis management.
Facing a potential no-confidence motion in the upcoming legislative assembly session, Singh submitted his resignation to the state’s governor. In his resignation letter, he expressed gratitude to the federal government for their support during his tenure.
Humanitarian Impact
The prolonged conflict has led to severe humanitarian challenges. Tens of thousands of displaced individuals are living in squalid relief camps, with limited access to basic amenities. The violence has also disrupted economic activities, leading to instability and hardship for the local population.
Conclusion
The resignation of Chief Minister N. Biren Singh marks a significant turning point in Manipur’s ongoing ethnic conflict. It underscores the urgent need for effective governance and reconciliation efforts to restore peace and stability in the region. The central government’s intervention and collaboration with local communities will be crucial in addressing the root causes of the unrest and ensuring a peaceful future for Manipur.
